49. Configuring ISIS for IPv6 and Route Summary

1、掌握基于 IPv6 的 ISIS 路由协议的配置。

2、掌握 IPv6 ISIS 的路由汇总配置。

3、了解 ISIS 单拓扑到多拓扑迁移功能。
 

实验拓扑图:

image.png


三台路由器的系统ID:

R1:49.0001.0000.0000.0001.00

R2:49.0001.0000.0000.0002.00

R3:49.0002.0000.0000.0003.00

 

配置各台路由器的 IPv6 地址,并且使用 ping 命令确认直连接口的互通性

 

在三台路由器上配置ISIS for IPv6:

R1(config)#router isis ipv6_isis   ---->全局启用ISIS路由进程

R1(config-router)#net 49.0001.0000.0000.0001.00

R1(config-router)#exit

R1(config)#int s1/0

R1(config-if)#ipv6 enable   ---->接口下启用IPv6,可选配置

R1(config-if)#ipv6 router isis ipv6_isis   ---->接口加入ipv6_isis路由进程域

R1(config-if)#isis circuit-type level-1

R1(config-if)#exit

R1(config)#int lo0

R1(config-if)#ipv6 router isis ipv6_isis

R1(config-if)#exit

 

R2(config)#router isis ipv6_isis

R2(config-router)#net 49.0001.0000.0000.0002.00

R2(config-router)#exit

R2(config)#int s1/0

R2(config-if)#ipv6 router isis ipv6_isis

R2(config-if)#isis circuit-type level-1

R2(config-if)#exit

R2(config)#int s1/1

R2(config-if)#ipv6 router isis ipv6_isis

R2(config-if)#isis circuit-type level-2

R2(config-if)#exit

 

R3(config)#router isis ipv6_isis

R3(config-router)#net 49.0002.0000.0000.0003.00

R3(config-router)#exit

R3(config)#int s1/0

R3(config-if)#ipv6 router isis ipv6_isis

R2(config-if)#isis circuit-type level-2

R3(config-if)#exit

R3(config)#int lo0

R3(config-if)#ipv6 router isis ipv6_isis

R3(config-if)#exit

R3(config)#end

 

在R2上查看ISIS的邻居关系:

R2#show isis nei

 

System Id      Type Interface   IP Address      State Holdtime Circuit Id

R3             L2   Se1/1                UP    23       00

R1             L1   Se1/0                UP    27       00

 

R2#show clns is-neighbors detail

 

System Id      Interface   State  Type Priority  Circuit Id         Format

R3             Se1/1       Up     L2   0         00    Phase V

  Area Address(es): 49.0002   ---->区域信息

  IPv6 Address(es): FE80::C802:DFF:FE30:0  ---->用于IPv6的更新源地址

  Uptime: 00:04:12

  NSF capable

R1             Se1/0       Up     L1   0         00    Phase V

  Area Address(es): 49.0001

  IPv6 Address(es): FE80::C800:DFF:FE30:0

  Uptime: 00:04:34

  NSF capable

 

在R2上查看ISIS数据库:

R2#show isis database ver level-1

 

IS-IS Level-1 Link State Database:

LSPID                 LSP Seq Num  LSP Checksum  LSP Holdtime      ATT/P/OL

R1.00-00              0x0000000F   0x5E9A        790               0/0/0

  Area Address: 49.0001

  NLPID:        0x8E

  Hostname: R1

  IPv6 Address: 2001:AB1:0:8::1

  IPv6 Address: 2001:AB1:0:9::1

  IPv6 Address: 2001:AB1:0:A::1

  IPv6 Address: 2001:AB1:0:B::1

  Metric: 10         IPv6 2001:AB1:0:2::/64

  Metric: 10         IPv6 2001:AB1:0:8::/64

  Metric: 10         IPv6 2001:AB1:0:9::/64

  Metric: 10         IPv6 2001:AB1:0:A::/64

  Metric: 10         IPv6 2001:AB1:0:B::/64   --->直连网络的路由信息

  Metric: 10         IS R2.00

R2.00-00            * 0x0000001C   0x02C8        805               1/0/0

  Area Address: 49.0001

  NLPID:        0x8E

  Hostname: R2

  IPv6 Address: 2001:AB1:0:2::2

  Metric: 10         IPv6 2001:AB1:0:2::/64

  Metric: 10         IS R1.00

R3.00-00              0x00000006   0xE176        701               0/0/0

 

R2#show isis database ver level-2

 

IS-IS Level-2 Link State Database:

LSPID                 LSP Seq Num  LSP Checksum  LSP Holdtime      ATT/P/OL

R1.00-00              0x0000000E   0xDE0F        0 (866)           0/0/0

R2.00-00            * 0x00000021   0x047F        500               0/0/0

  Area Address: 49.0001

  NLPID:        0x8E

  Hostname: R2

  IPv6 Address: 2001:AB1:0:3::1

  Metric: 10         IPv6 2001:AB1:0:3::/64

  Metric: 10         IS R3.00

  Metric: 10         IPv6 2001:AB1:0:2::/64

  Metric: 20         IPv6 2001:AB1:0:8::/64

  Metric: 20         IPv6 2001:AB1:0:9::/64

  Metric: 20         IPv6 2001:AB1:0:A::/64

  Metric: 20         IPv6 2001:AB1:0:B::/64   ---->真郁闷,怎么会有这堆东西在这里~?

R3.00-00              0x00000012   0x4B65        635               0/0/0

  Area Address: 49.0002

  NLPID:        0x8E

  Hostname: R3

  IPv6 Address: 2001:AB1:0:4::1

  Metric: 10         IPv6 2001:AB1:0:3::/64

  Metric: 10         IS R2.00

  Metric: 10         IPv6 2001:AB1:0:4::/64

 

R3路由表:

R3#show ipv route

IPv6 Routing Table - 10 entries

Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP

       U - Per-user Static route, M - MIPv6

       I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary

       O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2

       ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external

I2  2001:AB1:0:2::/64 [115/20]

     via FE80::C801:DFF:FE30:0, Serial1/0

C   2001:AB1:0:3::/64 [0/0]

     via ::, Serial1/0

L   2001:AB1:0:3::2/128 [0/0]

     via ::, Serial1/0

C   2001:AB1:0:4::/64 [0/0]

     via ::, Loopback0

L   2001:AB1:0:4::1/128 [0/0]

     via ::, Loopback0

I2  2001:AB1:0:8::/64 [115/30]

     via FE80::C801:DFF:FE30:0, Serial1/0

I2  2001:AB1:0:9::/64 [115/30]

     via FE80::C801:DFF:FE30:0, Serial1/0

I2  2001:AB1:0:A::/64 [115/30]

     via FE80::C801:DFF:FE30:0, Serial1/0

I2  2001:AB1:0:B::/64 [115/30]

     via FE80::C801:DFF:FE30:0, Serial1/0

L   FF00::/8 [0/0]

     via ::, Null0

 

测试:

R3#ping 2001:ab1:0:8::1

 

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001:AB1:0:8::1, timeout is 2 seconds:

.....    ---->为什么不通我也不知道为什么,事实上是会通的,原因还得多看看

Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)

 

R1路由表:

R1#show ipv route

IPv6 Routing Table - 12 entries

Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP

       U - Per-user Static route, M - MIPv6

       I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary

       O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2

       ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external

I1  ::/0 [115/10]   ---->默认路由,搞不懂诶~对ISIS不太熟悉,出什么东西都搞不清楚,还得多多修炼

     via FE80::C801:DFF:FE30:0, Serial1/0    变默认路由是因为上面修改了接口的什么类型,is-type ---->明白后的备注

C   2001:AB1:0:2::/64 [0/0]

     via ::, Serial1/0

L   2001:AB1:0:2::1/128 [0/0]

     via ::, Serial1/0

C   2001:AB1:0:8::/64 [0/0]

     via ::, Loopback0

L   2001:AB1:0:8::1/128 [0/0]

     via ::, Loopback0

C   2001:AB1:0:9::/64 [0/0]

     via ::, Loopback0

L   2001:AB1:0:9::1/128 [0/0]

     via ::, Loopback0

C   2001:AB1:0:A::/64 [0/0]

     via ::, Loopback0

L   2001:AB1:0:A::1/128 [0/0]

     via ::, Loopback0

C   2001:AB1:0:B::/64 [0/0]

     via ::, Loopback0

L   2001:AB1:0:B::1/128 [0/0]

     via ::, Loopback0

L   FF00::/8 [0/0]

     via ::, Null0

 

再搞搞汇总

 

在R2上配置对49.0001区域的汇总:

R2(config)#router isis ipv6_isis

R2(config-router)#add

R2(config-router)#address-family ipv6

% IPv6 routing not enabled   ---->看到这里,哥终于知道我上面为什么ping不通了,豁然开朗  ---->粗心的结果就是浪费时间

R2(config-router)#exit            但是不明白的是为什么没开IP6路由功能也能ping通相邻路由器

R2(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing

R2(config)#router isis ipv6_isis

R2(config-router)#address-family ipv6  ----书上说这叫IPv6家族配置模式

R2(config-router-af)#summary-prefix 2001:ab1:0:8::/62

R2(config-router-af)#exit

 

再看看R3上的路由表:

R3#show ipv route

IPv6 Routing Table - 7 entries

Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP

       U - Per-user Static route, M - MIPv6

       I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary

       O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2

       ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external

I2  2001:AB1:0:2::/64 [115/20]

     via FE80::C801:DFF:FE30:0, Serial1/0

C   2001:AB1:0:3::/64 [0/0]

     via ::, Serial1/0

L   2001:AB1:0:3::2/128 [0/0]

     via ::, Serial1/0

C   2001:AB1:0:4::/64 [0/0]

     via ::, Loopback0

L   2001:AB1:0:4::1/128 [0/0]

     via ::, Loopback0

I2  2001:AB1:0:8::/62 [115/30]

     via FE80::C801:DFF:FE30:0, Serial1/0   ---汇总正常

L   FF00::/8 [0/0]

     via ::, Null0

 

**********************

**********************   

**********************

 

如果网络设计要求两种IP协议独立地运行,你可以将ISIS迁移到多拓扑模式,这样更有利于对独立的协议的针对性优化调整

配置如下:

R1(config)#router isis ipv6_isis

R1(config-router)#metric-style wide transition  --->配置拓扑模式下度量的迁移

R1(config-router)#address-family ipv6

R1(config-router-af)#multi-topology transition  --->针对IPv6配置多拓扑模式

R1(config-router-af)#exit

R1(config-router)#exit

 

当ISIS路由协议工作在多拓扑模式下时,可以独立于IPv4度量来设置IPv6的度量

配置如下:

R1(config)#int s1/0    

R1(config-if)#isis metric 20  --->如果工作在单拓扑模式下,此配置命令会影响IPv4和IPv6的ISIS度量计算

R1(config-if)#isis ipv6 metric 100  --->当ISIS工作于多拓扑模式下,此配置命令只针对IPv6的ISIS路由协议的度量计算,独立于其它协议家族

R1(config-if)#exit

 

到此结束,有一些看不懂,不理解,不过过一遍手就行,这部分内容说不定十年内都不会接触到,即使用到了也可以快速上手,理论加实践,没什么记不住的。

 

 


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